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Sole Proprietorship vs Limited Company Tax Comparison

2026 comparison of income tax, corporate tax, and dividend withholding

What does this tool do?

When deciding whether to set up a sole proprietorship or a limited company, it lets you see your tax burden in advance. Enter your annual profit and it compares the income tax you would pay as a sole proprietor with the corporate tax and personal tax on dividends you would face in a limited company. The result is not fixed; as profit rises, tax brackets apply differently, so which structure is more advantageous can change — sole proprietorships often win at low and mid profits, while limited companies can come ahead at higher profits.

Annual tax comparison

Enter the amounts and limited company options. Results update instantly with every change.

Shared inputs

TL
TL

Taxable profit (revenue − expenses)

1,800,000.00 TL

400,000 TL for 2026. Ages 18–29 and first-time taxpayer status for up to 3 tax periods; applies only to sole proprietorships, not Limited/JSC.

No

Limited company–specific inputs

TL

Newly established companies are exempt from minimum corporate tax during their first three years of activity.

No

If yes, 15% withholding is calculated; if the post-exemption amount exceeds the 2026 declaration threshold (400,000 TL), shareholder annual income tax and credit/refund are included.

Yes

Sole Proprietorship

Business income — actual-basis income tax

Income tax payable

512,500.00 TL

Commercial balance sheet profit1,800,000.00 TL
Taxable base1,800,000.00 TL
Calculated income tax512,500.00 TL
Remaining to the owner1,287,500.00 TL
Effective tax rate28.47%

Limited Company

Corporate tax + shareholder annual income tax (withholding credit)

Final total tax burden

594,750.00 TL

Commercial balance sheet profit1,800,000.00 TL
Corporate tax base1,800,000.00 TL
Calculated corporate tax450,000.00 TL
Minimum corporate tax floor180,000.00 TL
Corporate tax payable450,000.00 TL
After-tax net profit1,350,000.00 TL
Dividend withholding (15%)202,500.00 TL
Dividend exemption (50%)675,000.00 TL
Taxable dividend portion675,000.00 TL
Annual return statusRequired (threshold exceeded)
Shareholder annual income tax144,750.00 TL
Withholding credited202,500.00 TL
Estimated refund57,750.00 TL
Paid at distribution1,147,500.00 TL
Final shareholder tax144,750.00 TL
Shareholder final net amount1,205,250.00 TL
Effective tax rate33.04%

Comparison result

Sole proprietorship is more advantageous

Under the selected assumptions, the difference between the lower tax burden and the other option is 82,250.00 TL.

Difference (Sole − Limited)

-82,250.00 TL

  • 1.This tool compares only income tax and corporate tax. Bağ-Kur/SSI premiums, VAT, stamp tax, accounting/YMM fees, and wage-related SSI/withholding for company partners are excluded. Bağ-Kur is generally mandatory on both sides, so it does not materially change the tax comparison; it is informational only.
  • 2.The corporate tax base is simplified. In practice, non-deductible expenses (KKEG) are added to commercial profit, and exemptions and deductions are subtracted separately. The tool represents these in a single field.
  • 3.Half of a resident individual’s dividend from a full-taxpayer company is exempt under ITA art. 22. If the other half exceeds the 2026 ITA art. 86 threshold (400,000 TL), an annual return is filed; the full 15% withholding is credited and any excess is shown as an estimated refund. The tool assumes the shareholder has no other taxable income.
  • 4.The young entrepreneur income exemption under ITA art. 20 bis (2026: 400,000 TL) applies only to sole proprietorships, not Limited/JSC. Conditions: under age 29, first-time income-tax taxpayer; up to 3 tax periods. From 2026 the young-entrepreneur Bağ-Kur premium support is abolished; the income-tax exemption itself continues.
  • 5.Income tax is calculated using the 2026 schedule for non-employment income.
  • 6.The general corporate tax rate is 25%; depending on the selected sector, a rate of 20%, 24%, or 30% may apply.
  • 7.Minimum corporate tax is checked at 10% of earnings under Corporate Tax Law art. 32/C; newly established companies are exempt during their first three years of activity.
  • 8.Tax brackets and rates may be updated each year or when the law changes. This tool uses 2026 parameters.
  • 9.Results are for general information and preliminary comparison only. For your specific situation, obtain an assessment from a CPA/sworn-in CPA (SMMM/YMM).

Legal sources

  • Income Tax General Communiqué Serial No. 332 — Official Gazette dated 31.12.2025, No. 33124 (5th Repeat)
  • Corporate Tax Law No. 5520, arts. 32, 32/A and 32/C
  • Income Tax Law arts. 22, 86 and 94
  • Income Tax Law article 20 bis — Young entrepreneur income exemption

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Topics on This Page

2026 non-wage income tax brackets and effective tax rate

Minimum corporate tax and first-three-year exemption for limited companies

50% dividend exemption, 400,000 TL threshold, withholding credit and estimated refund

Annual tax-burden comparison of sole proprietorship vs limited company

Young entrepreneur exemption (ITA art. 20 bis) — sole-proprietorship asymmetry

Professional Support

You can get CPA (SMMM) advice for entity choice, tax planning, and your specific situation.

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Legal Disclaimer

Calculation tools are for informational and preliminary calculation purposes only. Legislative changes may not be reflected immediately in the calculation tools available on the site. They are not binding in official declarations or legal proceedings. They do not replace financial consultancy or legal advice. For definitive results, you can contact me. ozcankutlu.com cannot be held responsible for damages arising from calculation errors or legislative changes.

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